Improvement in rosin-oil lamps



S. CUNSTANT.

Lamp;

vPatented Jan. 24, 1854.

UNITED STATE-'5 @he awww-.r

PATENT }OFFI cE Specification' forming'part' of Letters Patent No'. l0,443', dated January 24,1854.

To LZZ whom, it may concern,.-

13e it known that I, SILAs CONSTANT, of Brooklyn, in the countyrof Kings and State of New York, have inven'ted a new and Improved Rosin-Oil Lamp; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part'of this speciiication- Figure 1 being a vertical central section; Fig. 2,aa side view-of a portion of the lamp detached; Fig. 3, a ltransverse section in the line a, a of Fig. l, and Fig. 4 asection in the line b b of the same ligure.

Similar letters indicate like parts in all the figures. v

My rosin-oil lamphas the following improvement-s which distinguishgit fromall other lamps: First, it has a tube g, combined with andinclosing the guide or slotted tube f in such a manneras to produce a narrow annular space between the two for the purpose of causing the' oil to rise, vin said space by the.

effects of capillary attraction and the heat thrown into the vsame from the burner tosuch .a height as to keep Vthe elevated upper end of the wick fully supplied with oil so long as of the wick.

My second improvementconsists in inclosing the portion of the wick which rises above its guide f with a perforated conical tube m', which ascends to the top of the wick, or nearly so, and with its upper extremity brought nearly or 'loosely' in contact with the periphery of the wick, where it ,is for the purpose of conducting air'into the wick in an uncompressed sate as one of the elements of furnishing the requisite quantity of oxygen for burning' rosin-oil.

My third improvement consists inlocating and securing a draft-tube centrally within the burner d and combining with the said draft-tube the ordinary button-b and a perforated and deliecting -head a, placed immedi- 'ately above said button, for the purpose of any oil remains in contact with the lower half dividing the air that enters the oil-cup Q,

causing a part to rise i-n the burner to bedischarged under the button b upon the top of the wick in the usual manner and the remainder to rise into the head a and be discharged therefrom in a heated state into the flame of the lamp, the effect of which will bc to produce a more intensely white llame and to consume any smoke that might rise wlth the flame',

vand also prevent sudden gusts' of air-into the oil-cup from producing great deviations in the magnitude ot `the flame or causing smoke` vand flame-to riseto the top of the chimney, a

is the case with other lamps.

chimney, said lip being located within the series ofair-holes o o for the purposeof pireventing the air asv enters the air-chamber below saidcap from passing directlyinto the annular space -bctween the inner cap m and the tapering or conical tube fv, which rises froml said cap, and thereby forming another safeguard against the injurious effects produced by gusts of wind upon my improved lamp.

The body of my rosin-oil/lamp, the perforated oil-'cup below the same, and the burner or tubev d do not essentially differ from the lamp generally known as the solar lamp, save that the burnerio'f Amy lamp is somewhat larger, and its upper end is elevatedabove the body of the lamp. The guide or slotted and perforated tube f, which incloses the wick in the solar lamp,is combined directly with the' concave inner cover G, `placed within and resting upon the top of the body of thelamp; butin my rosin-oil lamp the tube g is combined with the said cover G, and the guide f is'combinedwith the said tube g in such a manner as to form a narrow'annular space t between the two, as shownA in Fig. l. lThe object of the said annular space t is to compel the oil to rise in the wick higher than it would otherwisedo, andthereby cause the lamp to burn morebrightly and until the oil is nearly all consumed in the lamp. The tube grises a short distance above its junction with the linner cap G and receives upon its upper end the conical tube m, the said tube ltting thereon with sufficient closeness and accuracy to be 'kept securelyin its proper position with Yrelation to the wick. Ishall generally make said conical tube m of such a size that at its upper end there will be a very slight space between it and the wick; but it may be brought lightly in contact with the wick. The draft-tube cmay be supported by a transverse nin Z, as represented in the draw-l annular conical space between v and m by the descending lip k, which prevents gusts of air from being forced through said space up the chimney, which would cause great deviation in the amount of tlame and temporarily produce smoke. A portion of air will pass from said chamber through the apertur'es n n into the conical tube 'm and penetrate Vthe wick in its then uncompressed state, and also pass up in and around the same to the dame. The apertures p p in the inner cap G give the air free access to the surface of the oil in the lamp.

My improvements in lamps to adapt them to the burning of rosin-oil may be applied to new or to old'lamps in any manner that may be deemed best, as I donot intend to limit their application to any special and precise mechanical arrangement, provided their principlc ot action be embodied. 4

lVhat I claim as my invention, and desire t0 secure by Letters Patent, is l. Inclosing the portion'of the wick which rises above its guide within a perforated coni! cal tube m for the purpose of causing apportion ot' the air that enters the chamber between G and H to be brought in contact with the Wickwhich lis then .in an uncompressed state and to rise in and-about the same to the flame, substantially as herein set forth.

2. Thedraft-tnbe c, placed Within the burner n and having the button h, and the perforated and detlecting head a, combined therewith,` substantiallyin the manner and for the purpose herein set forth. v

The lip o,projecting'tiow nward from the under side of the cap II within the series of air-holes in the same for the purpose of preventing gusts of air from producing puffs of smoke np the chimnev. substantially as herein set forth.

sILAs CONSTANT. i

/Vitnesses:

Z.a C., ROBBINS, GEO. A. C. SMITH. 

